withdrawals

2 questions

What is the 4% rule in retirement?

The 4% rule says you can withdraw 4% of your portfolio in the first year of retirement, then adjust for inflation each year, and statistically your money will last 30 years. It is a useful planning benchmark, not a guarantee — lower withdrawal rates (3–3.5%) are safer in today's low-return environment.
When can I withdraw from my IRA without penalty?

You can withdraw from any IRA without the 10% early withdrawal penalty at age 59½. For a Roth IRA, earnings also need to have been in the account for at least 5 years (the '5-year rule') to be tax-free. Roth IRA contributions — but not earnings — can be withdrawn at any age with no tax or penalty.